R.M v ATTORNEY GENERAL & 4 others [2010] eKLR
contended that the petitioner’s biological architecture is just like any other disability suffered by millions
of Kenyans and therefore, there is no good reason why the petitioner should be treated with any
exception when it comes to prison facilities.
73.
Further, it was submitted that the petitioner’s alleged discrimination while in prison on
account of his intersex status, was not supported by any evidence. There was no record of any
complaint made by the petitioner to the Prison authorities in accordance with the elaborate procedure for
recording complaints at the prison. The allegations of discrimination while in prison were therefore
baseless and should be ignored.
74.
As regards the roles of parents in determining or assigning gender, and consents for
corrective surgery, it was contended that in jurisdictions where that role was clearly defined as in South
Africa and New South Wales, it was the legislature who made the legal framework, not the courts. It was
argued that in any case, the petitioner was now above 18 years and did not need anybody’s consent to
undergo corrective surgery. What was required was for the affected persons to lobby the Legislature to
make necessary laws. Finally, it was submitted that the petitioner has no authority to act on behalf of
other intersex persons since this is not a representative suit. The court was urged that any orders that
may eventually be issued in this case should apply to the petitioner and no one else.
Submissions of the 5th Interested Party:
75.
The 5th interested party who opposed the petition was represented by Mr. Harrison
Kinyanjui. The first major issue raised was the issue of locus. It was submitted that the amended
petition had the characteristics of a representative case for a class of people called other
intersexuals. Since no order was sought or obtained for the petition to be prosecuted as a representative
suit, the petitioner does not have the authority to seek orders on behalf of the class of people called
other intersexuals who are not party to this petition. In the absence of such authority it was argued that
prayers (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) and (n) challenging the lack of legal recognition for intersex persons in Kenya
must fail. It was submitted that the litigation before the court was personal to the petitioner and he cannot
purport to litigate on behalf of any other person or persons.
76.
It was submitted that the orders sought by the petitioner, and those parties who supported
his case particularly in regard to definition of “gender’, were moral or ethical, and the court was not the
proper forum to deal with the same. Relying on the English case of Bellinger –Vs- Bellinger (2002)
WLR 411, we were cautioned that as Judges we must be careful when considering social issues so as
not to substitute our own views. It was maintained that the proper forum to address the petitioner’s
concerns was Parliament, and that this court could only address the issues of alleged contravention of
the Constitutional fundamental rights of the petitioner and not legislate on the petitioner’s issues or
invent legal situation that address the petitioner’s physiological position.
77.
With regard to the petitioner’s alleged violation of constitutional rights, it was contended
that the petitioner did not invoke the appropriate procedure which is the procedure provided under Legal
Notice No.6 of 2006. It was submitted that the hybrid constitutional and judicial review jurisdiction which
the petitioner invoked was incompetent.
78.
It was pointed out that the issue of people being classified as male or female had a Biblical
history as stated in the book of Genesis 1: 26-28. It was maintained that the divine definition of gender
had only male and female with no in between gender. It was argued that the petitioner’s quest for the
orders he seeks has been weakened by the fact that he seems not to know whether he is a
hermaphrodite or an intersexual, and whether he speaks for himself alone or for other intersexuals. If the
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