(a) effective and binding, is what is not subject to ratification of anyone, nor liable to rescission, in pursuance of the provisions of this Act; (b) effective and not binding, is what is liable to rescission, by reason justified by this Act. (c) Non-effective, is what is concluded subject to ratification of whoever may have the right of ratification. Valid effective and binding marriage 57. Valid effective and binding marriage shall entail, since its conclusion all its Sharia effects. Valid non-effective marriage 58.(1) Valid non-effective marriage shall not entail any of the effects before ratification; and where ratified, it shall be deemed as effective, of the time of contract. (2) Where there occurs consummation in non-effective marriage, it shall have the rule of defective (Fasid) marriage. Two types of invalid marriage 59. Invalid marriage is void, or defective. Definition of void marriage 60. Void marriage is the one, which one of its pillars or one of the conditions of validity of the pillar has become defective. Effect of void marriage 61. Void marriage shall not entail any of the marriage effects. Definition of defective (Fasid) marriage 62. Defective (Fasid) marriage is what the pillars of which are satisfied, and one of its validity conditions has become defective. Effect of defective (Fasid) marriage 63. Defective (Fasid) marriage shall not entail any effect, before consummation. Effects of defective (Fasid) marriage after consummation 64. The following effects shall be entailed by defective (Fasid) marriage: (a) the lesser of the named, or like dowry becoming mandatory; (b) proof of affinity; (c) marriage becoming prohibited; (d) (l'dda) waiting period becoming mandatory. Part V Effects of Marriage Provisions of Maintenance, Obedience, Affinity and Custody Chapter I Maintenance General Provisions Maintenance contents 65. Maintenance includes food, clothing, dwelling, medical treatment, and everything as the constituents of human life may be achieved. Maintenance assessment 66. Due regard, in assessing maintenance, shall be given to affluence of the maintainer and economic status in time and space. Increasing and decreasing maintenance 67.(1) Maintenance may be increased, or decreased, following change of conditions. (2) There shall not heard the suit of increasing or decreasing before the lapse of six months of imposing maintenance, save in exceptional circumstances. (3) There shall be decreed increasing or decreasing of maintenance, of the date of instituting the suit. Precedence of continuous maintenance 68. Continuous maintenance shall have precedence over all debts. Branch I Marriage maintenance Date of marriage maintenance becoming mandatory 69. Marriage maintenance shall be mandatory on her husband as of the time of valid contract. 7

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