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sexual offence cases. Where statutory corroboration is required,a conviction
of an accused can only be valid when there is such corroborative
evidence(IKO v. THE STATE).Corroboration in this case would require any
evidence that tends to confirm the evidence of the prosecutrix on any
material issue (R v. SEKUN & Ors (1941) 7 W ACA, 10),and that evidence
must be extraneous to the evidence of the prosecutrix (R v. WHITE
HEAD(1929) I.K.B 99, 102).
In OGUNBAYO v. THE STATE, the Court held inter alia that in cases of
this nature corroboration could be deduced from circumstantial evidence
which, could include amongst others, (a) the denials of the accused, (b) the
last opportunity the accused had to commit the offence, (c) medical
evidence of the examination of the prosecutrix confirming the allegation of
recent forcible coitus and (d) the existence of recent semen in the vagina of
the prosecutrix directly traced or traceable to the accused. Where an
accused person has denied the allegation of rape, the evidence of
corroboration that the Court must look for, is for instance (a) medical
evidence showing injury to the private part or to other parts of her body
which may have been occasioned in a struggle, and (b) semen stains on her
clothes or the clothes of the accused person on the place where the offence
is alleged to have been committed (POSU v. THE STATE).
As far as this offence is concerned it is my view that there are three issues
to be corroborated here; the act of sexual intercourse, the element of
consent or the lack of it, and the identity of the perpetrator.