46
Evidence
Cap 80
[2009]
Disproving apparent
special relationship.
115. When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord
and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have
been acting as such, the burden of proving that they do not stand, or
have ceased to stand, to each other in those relationships respectively,
is on the person who affirms it.
Disproving
ownership.
116. When the question is whether any person is owner of
anything of which he is shown to be in possession, the burden of
proving that he is not the owner is on the person who affirms that he
is not the owner.
Proof of good faith.
117. Where there is a question as to the good faith of a transaction
between parties, one of whom stands to the other in a position of active
confidence, the burden of proving the good faith of the transaction is
on the party who is in a position of active confidence.
Conclusive proof of
legitimacy.
118. The fact that any person was born during the continuance of a
valid marriage between his mother and any man, or within two hundred
and eighty days after its dissolution, the mother remaining unmarried,
shall be conclusive proof that he is the legitimate son of that man, unless
it can be shown that the parties to the marriage had no access to each
other at any time when he could have been begotten.
Presumption of
death.
14 of 1972, 9th Sch.
118A. Where it is proved that a person has not been heard of for
seven years by those who might be expected to have heard of him if he
were alive, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that he is dead.
Presumption of likely
facts.
119. The court may presume the existence of any fact which it
thinks likely to have happened, regard being had to the common course
of natural events, human conduct and public and private business, in
their relation to the facts of the particular case.
Part II - Estoppel
General estoppel.
120. When one person has, by his declaration, act or omission,
intentionally caused or permitted another person to believe a thing to
be true and to act upon such belief, neither he nor his representative
shall be allowed, in any suit or proceeding between himself and such
person or his representative, to deny the truth of that thing.
Estoppel of tenant or
licensee.
121. No tenant of immovable property, or person claiming
through such tenant, shall, during the continuance of the tenancy, be
permitted to deny that the landlord of such tenant had at the beginning
of the tenancy a title to such immovable property; and no person who
came upon any immovable property by the license of the person in
possession thereof shall be permitted to deny that such person had a
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