YACOOB J this Court must apply the test. At one level therefore, the appeal is not a particularly complex one because all we need to do is to apply the K test to the facts at hand. However, because the test laid down in K is predictably flexible, its application could give rise to difficulty in particular circumstances. [153] After conducting a thorough and careful examination of relevant cases in South Africa,3 and abroad,4 O‘Regan J determined the test to be applicable:5 ―The common-law test for vicarious liability in deviation cases as developed in Rabie’s case and further developed earlier in this judgment needs to be applied to new sets of facts in each case in the light of the spirit, purport and objects of our Constitution. As courts determine whether employers are liable in each set of factual circumstances, the rule will be developed. The test is one which contains both a factual assessment (the question of the subjective intention of the perpetrators of the delict) as well as a consideration which raises a question of mixed fact and law, the objective question of whether the delict committed is ‗sufficiently connected to the business of the employer‘ to render the employer liable.‖6 3 Rail Commuters Action Group and Others v Transnet Ltd t/a Metrorail and Others [2004] ZACC 20; 2005 (2) SA 359 (CC); 2005 (4) BCLR 301 (CC); S v Basson [2004] ZACC 13; 2005 (1) SA 171 (CC); 2004 (6) BCLR 620 (CC); Commissioner, South African Revenue Service v TFN Diamond Cutting Works (Pty) Ltd 2005 (5) SA 113 (SCA); Jordaan v Bloemfontein Transitional Local Authority and Another 2004 (3) SA 371 (SCA); Bezuidenhout NO v Eskom 2003 (3) SA 83 (SCA); Minister van Veiligheid en Sekuriteit v Phoebus Apollo Aviation BK 2002 (5) SA 475 (SCA); Govender v Minister of Safety and Security 2001 (4) SA 273 (SCA); Ess Kay Electronics Pte Ltd and Another v First National Bank of Southern Africa Ltd 2001 (1) SA 1214 (SCA); ABSA Bank Ltd v Bond Equipment (Pretoria) (Pty) Ltd 2001 (1) SA 372 (SCA); Minister of Safety and Security v Jordaan t/a Andre Jordaan Transport 2000 (4) SA 21 (SCA); Sea Harvest Corporation (Pty) Ltd and Another v Duncan Dock Cold Storage (Pty) Ltd and Another 2000 (1) SA 827 (SCA); Venter v Bophuthatswana Transport Holdings (Edms) Bpk 1997 (3) SA 374 (SCA); Minister of Law and Order v Ngobo 1992 (4) SA 822 (A); Tshabalala v Lekoa City Council 1992 (3) SA 21 (A); Minister of Police v Rabie 1986 (1) SA 117 (A); African Guarantee & Indemnity Co Ltd v Minister of Justice 1959 (2) SA 437 (A); Feldman (Pty) Ltd v Mall 1945 AD 733; Estate Van der Byl v Swanepoel 1927 AD 141; Mkize v Martens 1914 AD 382; and Hirsch Appliance Specialists v Shield Security Natal (Pty) Ltd 1992 (3) SA 643 (D). 4 Lister and Others v Hesley Hall Ltd [2002] 1 AC 215 (HL); 2001 (2) All ER 769; Bazley v Curry [1999] 2 SCR 534; (1999) 174 DLR (4th) 45; Jacobi v Griffiths [1999] 2 SCR 570; (1999) 174 DLR (4th) 71; and Primeaux v United States 181 F 3d 876 (8th Cir 1999). 5 The applicable test in our country in the constitutional context was determined after the evaluation of relevant cases both in South Africa and abroad. But it cannot be said that O‘Regan J embraced the position articulated in the cases to which the judgment refers. 6 Above n 2 at para 45. 62